TEXTILE SCIENCE (20/07/11)

                             FIBER                                                                 

 FIBER IS A UNIT IS A UNIT OF MATTER, WHICH IS  USUALLY   AT LEAST 100 TIMES LONGER THAN IT IS THICK. 
  
               LENGTH        :- 15MM TO 150 MM
           THICKNESS  :-  10MICRO M TO 50MI.M

  ITS ALSO CALLED STAPLE FIBER TOO.






                                     FILAMENT  
  
                   FILAMENT IS A VERY LONG FIBER.
  
  LENGTH   :-      FEW 100 METERS UP TO 
                             SEVERAL KILOMETERS .


THICKNESS :-   10 MICROMETER TO MI.M




                     SOURCE OF FIBER


CLASSIFICATION OF FIBER :-

 NATURAL FIBER :- 

VEGETABLE FIBER :-   COTTON, FLAX, JUTE .
      ANIMAL   FIBER :-     WOOL, SILK .
   MINERAL   FIBER :-   ASBESTOS (ROCK) .

SYNTHETIC FIBER :-  THEY ARE MEN MADE
                                          FIBER.

       CELLULOSE     FIBER    :-        RAYON  (VISCOSE). NON-CELLULOSE  FIBER    :-     POLYESTER,  ACRYLIC,
                                                           SPANDEX(LYCRA), NYLON



                         FIBER / STAPLE FIBER

ALL NATURAL FIBER EXCEPT(LEAVE THIS) SILK ARE  FIBER / STAPLE FIBER.


                     FILAMENT FIBER

ALL SYNTHETIC FIBER & SILK ARE FILAMENT FIBER.
SILK IS A NATURAL FILAMENT FIBER.  


                    
                         BLENDING

MIXING DIFFERENT FIBERS TOGETHER PRODUCE A YARN THAT HAS THE COMBINED PROPERTIES OF EACH COMPONENT FIBER . 
                   

  COMPONENT :-   POLYESTER + COTTON (PC)
                                    A MIXING TWO FIBER  YARN.
                                  POLYESTER +VISCOSE (RAYON)+
                          COTTON ( PVC). ITS BELONG WITH 3F.


                BENEFITS OF THE BLENDING 


1.   FIBER BLENDING IMPROVES THE                                      APPEARANCE (LOOK )  , PERFORMANCE (DURABILITY), 
COMFORT & AFTERCARE OF FABRIC .

2. REDUCES THE COST OF AN EXPENSIVE FABRIC.
      
         EXAMPLE :- POLYESTER / WOOL (P/W)
         
             WOOL IS VERY EXPENSIVE :- RS. 600 TO ABOVE /KG
              POLYESTER IS LOW RATE :- RS. 150 TO 200 / KG.



Q.          HOW TO KNOW ABOUT FIBER ?

ANS.  THE THREE VARIOUS PARTS OF TO KNOWN ABOUT FIBER.




  IDENTIFICATION :- MICROSCOPIC VIEW TEST, 
                                                   BURNING TEST, CHEMICAL
                                                    SOLUBILITY TEST
     
1.     MICROSCOPIC VIEW TEST :- LONGITUDINAL VIEW
                                                                  (LENGTH) & CROSS-
                                                                  SECTION VIEW 
                                                                (DIAMETER OR THICK).

THIS IS THE ONE TERM OF IDENTIFICATION OF FIBER.




           
           

MY CLASSES

    APPAREL TRAINING & DESIGN CENTER


              KNITTING MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY  
                                           
                                                                 18/07/11
                                                     
APPAREL IS  KNOWN AS A GARMENT. GARMENT IS A READY TO WEAR.
GARMENT IS MADE THIS COMPONENT LIKE FIBER (HE IS A RAW MATERIAL) , YARN (THIS IS LIKE A THREAD ) , FABRIC( YARN IS MAKE THE FABRIC) THEN WE MADE THE GARMENTS.

                        KINDS OF FIBER


NATURAL FIBER :- COTTON , WOOL , SILK , ETC.

SYNTHETIC FIBER :- POLYESTER, LYCRA,ACRYLIC,NYLON

DYEING & PRINTING IS DONE ANY STAGE OF GOODS LIKE FIBER, YARN, FABRIC & GARMENT.
                                            

THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING OF YARN FROM FIBER IS KNOWN AS SPINNING  .

COMPOSITE MILLS :- 

   THEY ARE PURCHASE FIBER & DONE             ALL   PROCESS OF MAKING THE GARMENT .

 JCB (PHAGWARA) , NAHAR TEXTILE (LUDHIANA) , ARE THE COMPOSITE MILLS .
  
SECOND STEP IS MAKE THE FABRIC FROM YARN . 
  
TWO TYPES OF FABRIC MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUES .
1.  WEAVING TECHNIQUES
2.    KNITTED TECHNIQUES


 KNITTED FABRIC IS USE MAKING THOSE  GARMENT LIKE T-SHIRTS, UNDER GARMENT, TRACK SUITS, SWEATERS, SOCKS ETC.

WOVEN FABRIC IS  USE MAKING THOSE GARMENT LIKE SHIRT, TROUSER(DENIM & NON DENIM), SHAWLS, SKIRTS ETC.